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91 Mohammad Mahfooz Hussain1.The Reporting Clause: The outer phrase introducing the idea (e.g., People say...)2.The Reported Clause: The inner phrase containing the actual information (e.g., ...that the new software is fast.)While the inner reported clause can sometimes be changed into the passive voice using standard tense rules, advanced English grammar features a highly formal way to passivize the reporting verb itself. This is known as the Impersonal Passive (or Passives of Reporting Verbs)..Because the reporting clause (e.g., People say) does not have a traditional direct object, we cannot use normal active-to-passive conversion. Instead, the Impersonal Passive forces us to use one of two specific structural shifts: The %u201cIt%u201d Structure or The Infinitive Structure.TYPE 1: The %u201cIt%u201d Structure (The Dummy Subject):Syntax:Active Subject + Reporting Verb + that + Reported ClausePassiveIt + be (matching tense) + Reporting Verb (3rd form) + that + Reported ClauseExamples:Active Voice Passive VoicePeople believe that reading improves memory.It is believed that reading improves memory.